test of lepton universality in beauty quark decays nature

• 8 September 2023

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Energy Phys. Electrons are identified by matching tracks to particle showers in the electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) and using the ratio of the energy detected in the ECAL to the momentum measured by the tracking system. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Rev. This article presents evidence for the breaking of lepton universality in beauty-quark decays, with a significance of 3.1 standard deviations, based on proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider. Since the associated data storage and analysis costs would be prohibitive, the experiment does not record all collisions. Eur. s The Belle II physics book. The standard model of particle physics currently provides our best description of fundamental particles and their interactions. Kowalska, K., Kumar, D. & Sessolo, E. M. Implications for new physics in bs transitions after recent measurements by Belle and LHCb. Aubert, B. et al. The veto requirements retain 97% of B+K++ and 95% of B+K+e+e decays passing all other selection requirements. Instrum. High Energy Phys. Measurable quantities can be predicted precisely in the decays of a charged beauty hadron, B+, into a charged kaon, K+, and two charged leptons, +. 3, S08005 (2008). Intriguing new result from the LHCb experiment at CERN | CERN The detector includes a high-precision tracking system with a dipole magnet, providing measurements of momentum and impact parameter (IP), defined for charged particles as the minimum distance of a track to a primary protonproton interaction vertex (PV). A significant proportion (0.7%) of this uncertainty comes from the limited knowledge of the K spectrum in B(0,+)K+(,0)e+e decays. Methods A 764, 150155 (2014). Test of lepton universality in beauty-quark decays, \({q}_{\min }^{2} < {q}^{2} < {q}_{\max }^{2}\), $${R}_{H}\equiv \frac{\int\nolimits_{{q}_{\min }^{2}}^{{q}_{\max }^{2}}\frac{{{{\rm{d}}}}{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ \ (B\to H{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-})}{{{{\rm{d}}}}{q}^{2}}{{{\rm{d}}}}{q}^{2}}{\int\nolimits_{{q}_{\min }^{2}}^{{q}_{\max }^{2}}\frac{{{{\rm{d}}}}{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ \ (B\to H{e}^{+}{e}^{-})}{{{{\rm{d}}}}{q}^{2}}{{{\rm{d}}}}{q}^{2}}\,.$$, \(\overline{b}\to \overline{s}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}\), \(\overline{b}\to \overline{c}{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }\), \({B}^{+}\to {X}_{q\overline{q}}{K}^{+}\), $${R}_{K}=\frac{{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ \ ({B}^{+}\to {K}^{+}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-})}{{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ \ ({B}^{+}\to J/\psi (\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}){K}^{+})}/\frac{{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ \ ({B}^{+}\to {K}^{+}{e}^{+}{e}^{-})}{{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ \ ({B}^{+}\to J/\psi (\to {e}^{+}{e}^{-}){K}^{+})}\ .$$, $${r}_{J/\psi }={{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ ({B}^{+}\to J/\psi (\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}){K}^{+})/{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ ({B}^{+}\to J/\psi (\to {e}^{+}{e}^{-}){K}^{+}),$$, \({B}^{+}\to {\overline{D}}^{0}(\to {K}^{+}{e}^{-}{\overline{\nu }}_{e}){e}^{+}{\nu }_{e}\), $$\begin{array}{l}{R}_{\psi (2S)}\\=\frac{{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ ({B}^{+}\to \psi (2S)(\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}){K}^{+})}{{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ ({B}^{+}\to J/\psi (\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}){K}^{+})}/\frac{{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ ({B}^{+}\to \psi (2S)(\to {e}^{+}{e}^{-}){K}^{+})}{{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ ({B}^{+}\to J/\psi (\to {e}^{+}{e}^{-}){K}^{+})}\ ,\end{array}$$, $${R}_{K}(1.1 < {q}^{2} < 6.0\,{{{{\rm{GeV}}}}}^{2}\,{c}^{-4})=0.84{6}_{-0.039-0.012}^{+0.042+0.013}\ ,$$, \({R}_{K}=0.84{6}_{-\ 0.041}^{+\ 0.044}\), \({B}^{0}\to {K}_{{{{\rm{S}}}}}^{0}{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}\), \({{{\rm{d}}}}{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ ({B}^{+}\to {K}^{+}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-})/{{{\rm{d}}}}{q}^{2}\), $$\begin{array}{rcl}\frac{{{{\rm{d}}}}{{{\mathcal{B}}}}\ ({B}^{+}\to {K}^{+}{e}^{+}{e}^{-})}{{{{\rm{d}}}}{q}^{2}}(1.1 < {q}^{2} < 6.0\,{{{{\rm{GeV}}}}}^{2}{c}^{-4})\\=(28. (Bottom) the single ratio rJ/ relative to its average value \(< {r}_{J/\psi } >\) as a function of these variables. Energy Phys. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Rev. In the muon case, K[] combinations with mass smaller than \(m_{D^0}\) are rejected. Towards the discovery of new physics with lepton-universality ratios of bs decays. Theor. The distribution of this ratio as a function of the angle between the leptons and the minimum pT of the leptons is shown in Extended Data Fig.

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